Bill Clintons Time Line Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Bill Clintons Time Line Essay, Research Paper In denoting his purpose to seek the 1992 Democratic presidential nomination, Clinton called for a occupations program to raise the state out of its economic recession, revenue enhancement cuts for the in-between category, and a signifier of national wellness insurance. During the run, Clinton was pursued by inquiries about his character. He was attacked by some for hedging military service and looking to cover it up. However, he won plenty delegates to guarantee his fleet nomination at the 1992 Democratic convention. For his VICE-PRESIDENTIAL running mate, Clinton chose 44-year-old Senator Albert ( Al ) Gore of Tennessee. Capitalizing on the hapless province of the state # 8217 ; s economic system, Clinton won 370 ELECTORAL ballots to 168 for his Republican opposition, President George BUSH. The entry into the run of a strong independent campaigner, H. Ross Perot, a Texas billionaire, made it a tripartite race. No campaigner won a bulk of the popular ballot, but Clinton won a plurality of 43 per centum, compared to 38 per centum for Bush and 19 per centum for Perot. We will write a custom essay sample on Bill Clintons Time Line Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was merely the 2nd clip in 28 old ages that a Democrat had won the presidential term. Clinton # 8217 ; s Presidency # 8211 ; First Term Domestic Personal businesss: Soon after taking office, Clinton called for about $ 500 billion in revenue enhancement additions and disbursement cuts. Although Republicans and some conservative Democrats opposed his programs to raise revenue enhancements, Congress eventually gave the new president much of what he had asked for. Clinton besides won congressional blessing for the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) with Canada and Mexico. However, one of Clinton # 8217 ; s top precedences # 8211 ; wellness reform # 8211 ; met with stiff resistance. Critics complained that his proposal would be excessively much and lead to authorities intervention in the wellness attention system. Clinton had to abandon the thought. Meanwhile, Clinton devoted considerable clip to covering with allegations of misconduct prior to his election as president. One contention stemmed from investings that he and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton had made in the Whitewater Development Corporation, an Arkansas existent estate development house. The other concerned charges of sexual torment made by a former Arkansas authorities employee, Paula Jones. These issues contributed to the Democratic Party # 8217 ; s licking in the 1994 midterm elections and helped the Republicans gain control of Congress for the first clip in 40 old ages. But the attempts of congressional Republicans to equilibrate the budget while cutting back disbursement and cut downing revenue enhancements led to a closure of the federal authorities. This angered the American people, many of whom sided with President Clinton, who had opposed the Republican moves. Clinton emerged as the master in this battle, and that success paved the manner for his re-election in 1996. Foreign Affaris: In international affairs, Clinton helped convey about an understanding between Israel and the Palestinian Liberation Organization ( PLO ) refering self-government for Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. And in the Balkans, he sent 20,000 American military personnels to function as portion of an international peacekeeping force. Second Term In the 1996 elections, Clinton won 49 per centum of the popular ballot and 379 electoral ballots. His oppositions were the Republican campaigner, former U.S. senator Robert ( Bob ) Dole of Kansas, and independent campaigner H. Ross Perot. First Year: 1997. On the domestic forepart, the president # 8217 ; s first major achievement of his 2nd term was to make an understanding with the Republican Congress on how to accomplish a balanced budget. Despite revenue enhancement cuts deserving $ 95 billion, the balance was to be achieved by paring $ 263 billion from federal outgos, including $ 122 billion from Social Security over a five-year period. Meanwhile, in add-on to the Whitewater probe and the Paula Jones instance, Clinton and Vice President Gore were accused of questionable fund-raising activities for the 1996 run. Clinton insisted that they had acted # 8220 ; within the missive of the jurisprudence # 8221 ; and called for run finance reform. In foreign personal businesss, the president persuaded Russian president Boris N. Yeltsin to accept the enlargement of NATO by acknowledging three former Soviet Bloc states as members. Second Year: 1998. At the start of the twelvemonth, President Clinton set out to construct on his old achievements in the White House by back uping the Social Security system, helping instruction, and reforming wellness attention. But even before he could sketch his ends in his State of the Union message, his programs were disrupted by the latest and most serious dirt to face his presidential term. This contention sprang from charges that he had had an improper relationship with a former White House houseman, Monica Lewinsky, and so tried to cover up the relationship. Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr, who had been look intoing the Whitewater instance, began looking into whether Clinton had committed bearing false witness by denying the matter with Lewinsky in a pledged deposition in the Paula Jones instance, and whether he had tried to acquire Lewinsky to lie in her ain pledged statement in the Jones case. At first Clinton denied the charges, and his protagonists accused Starr, a conservative Republican, of seeking to abash the president, a Democrat. The public continued to give Clinton high evaluations in the polls. But so Lewinsky confirmed the matter in testimony before Starr # 8217 ; s expansive jury, and Clinton was forced to acknowledge that he had non told the truth. Starr meanwhile sent a study to the House of Representatives, postulating that the president # 8217 ; s alleged actions of perpetrating bearing false witness and blockading justness could be evidences for impeachment. Despite this personal convulsion, Clinton continued to play an active function in foreign personal businesss. He threatened to establish air work stoppages against Iraq until that state agreed to collaborate with United Nations reviews of its arms installations. After terrorist bombardments of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, Clinton ordered relatiative work stoppages at terrorist hideawaies in Afghanistan and Sudan. In the 1998 mid-term Congressional elections, Democrats won more seats than was expected, bespeaking that a bulk of Americans continued to back up the president. But on December 19, Clinton was impeached by the House on charges of bearing false witness and obstructor of justness. As the instance moved to the Senate for test, popular support for the president grew, doing remotion from office appear improbable. Despite this convulsion, Clinton continued to play an active Ro lupus erythematosus in foreign personal businesss. After terrorist bombardments of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, Clinton ordered relatiative work stoppages at terrorist hideawaies in Afghanistan and Sudan. The president besides ordered the bombardment of Iraq when that state refused to let United Nations review of its arms installations. In a peacekeeping function, Clinton helped negociate a Mideast treaty between Israel and Palestinian leaders. Israel agreed to retreat its military personnels from land claimed by the Palestinians in return for a promise to halt terrorist act against Israel. Third Year: 1999. Clinton began the twelvemonth confronting an impeachment test in the Senate ( which, like the House of Representatives, was controlled by the Republican Party by a border of 55 to 45 ) . But the president had an advantage in the Senate, because a guilty finding of fact on impeachment charges requires a two-thirds bulk, or 67 senators # 8211 ; a twelve or so more than were likely to vote against him. On February 12, the president was easy acquitted on both the impeachment and bearing false witness charges, with his accusers neglecting to acquire a bulk on either ballot. But shortly after the Senate finding of fact, the Lewinsky matter caused him farther embarrassment. Clinton was found to be in disdain of tribunal and fined about $ 90,000 for giving false testimony in the Paula Jones instance in 1998. Therefore he became the first president to be cited for disdain. In the thick of his impeachment test, Clinton delivered his State of the Union reference. The president proposed utilizing most of the awaited budget excess to beef up the societal security system and Medicare. But Republicans wanted to utilize much of the excess for a revenue enhancement cut of about $ 800 billion, which the president threatened to veto. In international personal businesss, Clinton launched the biggest military operation of his presidential term on March 25, fall ining other NATO states in a monolithic bombardment run against Yugoslavia. The purpose was to coerce Yugoslavian president Slobodan Miloevi to halt onslaughts on cultural Albanians in the state of Kosovo. After 10 hebdomads of bombardment, Milosevic agreed to retreat his forces from Kosovo. Clinton claimed triumph, and without losing a individual soldier in combat. 1992 November 3 # 8211 ; Clinton and his running mate, Senator Al Gore ( D, Tennessee ) , were elected with 43 % of the popular ballot, to 38 % for George Bush and 19 % for Ross Perot. 1993 April 19 # 8211 ; authorities besieging on the Branch Davidians coumpound at Waco Texas resultes in the decease of 76 people [ Waco Holocaust Electronic Museum ] June 18: Clinton gets $ 200 haircut on Air Force One, closing down two tracks at Los Angeles International Airport for an hr July 20 # 8211 ; Vince Foster dies # 8211 ; labeled a self-destruction # 8211 ; post-mortem # 8211 ; Snips Aug 19: Clinton announces # 8220 ; Don # 8217 ; t Ask, Don # 8217 ; t Tell # 8221 ; policy sing homosexuals in the armed forces 1994 March 14 # 8211 ; Associate Attorney General Webster Hubbell announces his surrender 1995 April 19 # 8211 ; bombardment of federal builing in Oklahoma City consequences in the decease of 168 people. June # 8211 ; Monica Lewinsky, 21, comes to the White House as an unpaid houseman in the office of Chief of Staff Leon Panetta. 1996 April 3 # 8211 ; Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown dies in a plane clang near Dubrovnik, Croatia. Botched Investigation? A Cover up? August 22. President Clinton marks the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. Welfare Reform Timeline Nov # 8211 ; Clinton wins reelection to 2nd term with at popular ballot of 45,628,667 ( Bob Dole 37,869,435 ) 1997 February 25 # 8211 ; The nightlong Guest List # 8211 ; released by the Clinton Administration Clinton # 8211 ; acknowledges he personally encouraged honoring DNC givers with nightlong corsets at the Lincoln Bedroom. October # 8211 ; Jiang Zemin Visit # 8211 ; Guest list for the province dinner and comments 1998 Jan 14 # 8211 ; Lewinsky gives Tripp a papers headed # 8220 ; Points to do in an affidavit, # 8221 ; training Tripp on what to state Jones # 8217 ; attorneies about Kathleen Willey [ CNN/AllPolitics Investigating The President ] January 17: Did you have an adulterous sexual matter with Monica Lewinsky? ? Ordinal number? Bill Clinton on Record [ ABC News ] Jan 19 # 8211 ; Lewinsky # 8217 ; s name surfaces in the Drudge Report January 26 # 8211 ; Standing alongside First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton and Vice President Al Gore in the Roosevelt Room of the White House, Clinton waged his finger at intelligence cameras and declared: # 8220 ; But I want to state one thing to the American people. I want you to listen to me. I # 8217 ; m traveling to state this once more: I did non hold sexual dealingss with that adult female, Miss Lewinsky. I neer told anybody to lie, non a individual clip # 8212 ; neer. These allegations are false. # 8221 ; [ audio ] March 22 # 8211 ; April 2 # 8211 ; Bill Clinton takes trip to Africa [ Clinton s Africa Trip ] # 8211 ; GAO survey put the cost of the trip at $ 42.8 million? excepting security disbursals. June # 8211 ; Trip to China August 17 # 8211 ; address to the American public rhenium: Monica Lewinsky August 20 # 8211 ; Clinton orders Cruise Missile Strikes on Afghanistan and Sudan # 8211 ; Credible Misrepresentation? December 19 # 8211 ; House votes to Impeach Clinton [ Documents Center University of Michigan Library ] 1999 May 7 # 8211 ; US planes bomb Chinese embassy in Belgrade # 8211 ; MacLean # 8217 ; s Guide 2000 Jan 4 # 8211 ; The Clintons move properties to house at 15 Old House Lane, Chappaqua, NY [ map ] Bibliography # 65279 ; Source S6A ( 10/22/00 ) The Clinton Presidency and the Crisis of Democracy by Howard Zinn hypertext transfer protocol: //www.zpub.com/un/zinn12.html Beginning S6A ( 10/22/00 ) Yokel! News Full Coverage # 8211 ; Clinton Impeachment Aftermath hypertext transfer protocol: //rd.yahoo.com/search/iy/fc/bill+clinton/ ? hypertext transfer protocol: //fullcoverage.yahoo.com/fc/US/Clinto n_Impeachment Beginning S6B ( 10/22/00 ) Clinton test # 8211 ; Interactive who # 8217 ; s who and timeline hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/events/clinton_under_fire/trial_of_the_president/ default.stm Beginning S6A ( 10/22/00 ) Fairlamb # 8217 ; s Corner # 8211 ; Bill Clinton # 8217 ; s record and returning common sense to political relations hypertext transfer protocol: //srd.yahoo.com/srst/2011538/Bill+Clinton+opinion/6/6/*http: //www.geocities.com/C apitolHill/1721 Beginning S5B ( 10/22/00 ) Bill Clinton # 8217 ; s Record As US President hypertext transfer protocol: //www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/1721/record.html Beginning S5A ( 10/22/00 ) The Unofficial Bill Clinton Site hypertext transfer protocol: //www.zpub.com/un/un-bc.html 335

Health Promotion among Diverse Populations Essay Essays

Health Promotion among Diverse Populations Essay Essays Health Promotion among Diverse Populations Essay Essay Health Promotion among Diverse Populations Essay Essay In discoursing wellness publicity among diverse populations. this writer has selected the Latino population to demo wellness position in respects to the national norm. Harmonizing to the U. S. Census Bureau. as of July 2013. their estimation is that there are around 54 million Hispanics that live in the United States. This represents 17 % of the entire U. S. population which makes them the largest cultural minority. It is estimated that by 2060. they will turn to around 128. 8 million ( 31 % ) of the U. S. population. Harmonizing to the U. S. Census Bureau in 2012. the Latino population of which 23 % were in either simple or high school ; and merely 6. 8 % were in college. Besides. merely about 29. 1 % lacked wellness insurance. Spanish americans were 43 % more likely non to hold wellness coverage than that of 13 % of non-Hispanics who lacked wellness coverage. Harmonizing to the CDC ( Center of Disease Control ) . when measuring the wellness position that this group perceived themselves by 10. 3 % of being in carnival or hapless wellness. Mortality rates were hard to compare as the coverage on the cultural group was non ever set on the decease certification. However. the decease rate from Diabetes is 40. 5 per 100. 000 for Blacks. which is dual that for the white population which 19. 9 is. The rate for Hispanics is 27. 7. Health Disparities/ Barriers Harmonizing to the CDC. wellness disparities are spreads in wellness results or determiners between sections of the population. â€Å"Many wellness disparities are related to societal determiners of wellness. the conditions in which people are born. turn. unrecorded. work and age. Designation and consciousness of differences among populations sing wellness determiners and wellness results are indispensable stairss toward cut downing wellness disparities. † ( CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report-U. S. . 2013 ) . We need to be cognizant of the disparities of our patient population in order to be able to supply the instruction and resources needed to better wellness publicity and bar for them. Some of the disparities among the Latino population are instruction. cost. linguistic communication. and bar. In respects to instruction. a larger per centum that of non-Hispanics did non complete high school and hence many are unable to read and compose adequately to acquire the information that they need. Besides. a high per centum don’t speak English and they are unable to pass on with wellness givers. particularly if there is no 1 to interpret. Since a big per centum has non graduated from high school. they are in low income a occupation which puts them in less than the federal poorness degree. and are more likely to be in bad places. Besides. Spanish americans are more likely to be unemployed as compared to non-Hispanics. Due to their low-income. Hispanics are less likely to seek medical attending because of cost. They will supply medical attention for their kids foremost and themselves last. Many usage place redresss handed down through the coevalss. With respects to blood force per unit area control. which could be regulated in a clinic visit. merely a little per centum had blood force per unit area control as compared to non-Hispanics. Barriers to these disparities need to be assessed and intercessions need to be developed and implemented to better wellness for these populations. Some of the barriers noted were linguistic communication. income. educational degree and cultural beliefs. There are interlingual rendition tools ( phones. transcribers ) available ; we merely necessitate to use what is available. By using these tools. persons will be more likely to travel to the physician. since they will be able to understand the information given. However. we as wellness suppliers need to be non-judgmental and accepting of these persons. Financial concerns are a large portion. most province that they can non afford interventions. medicines. supplies. and dietetic alterations. This is due in portion that most are below poorness degree. By measuring their demands. so researching what plans are available for them. There are medicine aid plans available. some from the infirmaries and some from the pharmaceutical companies. Many pharmaceuticss now have $ 5 and 10 $ medicines for 30 to 90 yearss. This can be a major aid. Transportation system can besides be a barrier ; if they don’t have a manner to acquire to assignments so they don’t acquire the appropriate followup. Puting up clinics in the community is a manner to increase patients doing it to assignments. Besides. in some communities. public transit coachs will travel and pick up patients from their place and take them for assignments and convey them back place. Education is another barrier. with most non completing high school. they are non able to read and compose good or non at all. or non in English. When developing an educational plan for these persons. we need to take into history how they learn and what types of media do we necessitate to utilize. Approachs to Health Promotion There are three attacks to wellness promotion/ bar: primary. secondary and third. Primary is considered wellness publicity and specific ways to forestall unwellness such as immunisations. Secondary is describes as early diagnosing and intervention. And third is focused on reconstructing wellness and rehabilitation if needed. While primary would be good. this writer believes that the focal point should be on secondary bar. Supplying testing activities such as wellness carnivals. for these persons can and will take to early diagnosing. We need to guarantee that the Latino population are respected and supply them with the tools needed to advance health. Due to high cost of wellness attention and with many non holding insurance. most wait till they need to travel to the exigency room for attention. This pattern most likely leads to placing unwellness at a ulterior phase and therefore necessitating more intense therapy to obtain degree of health. In decision. there needs to be trust established partnership in the attention between patient. household and wellness attention suppliers. Besides. disparities need to be taken off or at least reduced to be able to supply the best preventable and early attention as possible to all. Mentions Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Office of Minority Health and Health Equity. November 26. 2014. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol ; //www. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. gov/minorityhealth/index. hypertext markup language Centers for Disease Control/National Center for Health Statistics: July 14. 2014. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. gov/nchs/fastats/hispanic-health. htm Centers for Disease Control 24/7: Salvaging Lifes. protecting people. October 28. 2014. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. gov/minorityhealth/populations/REMP/hhispanic. html Summary Health Statistics for the U. S. Population: National Health Interview Survey. 2012. Critical Health Statistics. Series 10. Number 259. December 2013 Center for Disease Control: Health Disparities and Inequalities Report- U. S. 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Cen ter for Disease Control and Prevention. gov/minorityhealth/CHDIReport. html Edelman. Kudzman and Mandle ; Health Promotion throughout the Life Span. edition 8. 2014. Chapter 1.

Central American Immigrants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Central American Immigrants - Essay Example For Central American immigrants who have experienced years of political and social strife, immigrating to the US promises opportunity and liberties that they have cease to believe as possible in their respective countries. The issues faced by Central American immigrants is a particular concern since most of immigrants who have become isolated in the US. The situation face by the immigrants are not unique to them or to immigrants. The challenges they face are also shared with other populations that suffer social exclusion or marginalization that may be unique to regional origins . In the critically acclaimed film Toritlla Soup, the plight of many many of these immigrants, particularly those from Central America trying to escape political persecution, face the seemingly impossible choice of having no choice to leave one's country and having nowhere to go. The sense of disenfranchisement prevails in whatever choice they make. At the same time, they also have to struggle with their personal and social identity as they and their family transition to their adoptive communities whose cultural, social and political barriers often lie beyond their competencies to surpass. Ellis and Wright (2005) study of geography and immigration also shows that there are differences in units of assimilation differs based on geography of immigration. They concluded that there is indication that there is sensitivity to political issues. Menjivar (2000) points out that there is a need to develop more intimate perspective of the issue from immigrants points of view. In her study regrading the immigration trends and issues among El Salvadorans, she points out that immigration into the US, whether legal or not, provides limited opportunity for social representation or empowerment. Often, with the focus of "managing" immigrants, policies become insensitive and unresponsive to the issues that are driving immigration trends, in particular those that are illegal. She points out that most policies view immigrants individually without recognizing the informal and formal social networks. The result is that individual immigrants feel that they are isolated from mainstream America n society and rely more on these social groups which can make communicating with the population restrictive, if not combative with the government's various social programs (Johnson, 2006). Menjivar's (2002) subsequent work, this time focusing on Guatemalans, highlight that the challenged that immigrants are often carried over to their offspring whose identity is often split between being American and that of their parent's native country. Anderson (2003) points out that this can create stress particularly for juveniles and also is considered to reason behind delinquency and victimization. Though these populations may have little link or awareness of their cultural or social history they are subject to the social preconceptions that may incite their feeling of marginalization of social exclusion. This has further been attributed to adult victimization and criminal behavior and lead to diminished effectiveness of social institutions and services for these populations as a whole. Survey of the population who have become victims of abuse indicate a significant history of marginalization, cultural or social exclusion (Menjivar & Salcido, 2002). The experience not only incr eases their vulnerability to crime or victimization but also their propensity to commit the acts to others.

Personal Activity Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Activity Plan - Essay Example Health care policies had been introduced and implemented by the US government to apparently lessen the cost of health care cost and insurance. However, these policies had not been successful in its goals. There were also attempts on health reforms but were found to be more risky such that new policies will have to be created and implemented. Various issues in the health care system had arisen affecting the health care system, thus increasing the dilemma in managing individual spending on health care. The Six Dimensions of Health has been one among the various promotions that the government had been trying to endorse profoundly such that this program may aid individuals in attaining a practically healthy condition. Physical, social, spiritual, environmental, emotional and intellectual health, are regarded as the main factors affecting wellness. Being fully aware of each dimension contribute to an individual's overall wellness. As a health care consumer, one should be aware of the different ways in which one could obtain an optimum health care in return of the high expenditures tied up with it. On the other hand, one must also be responsible in taking an utmost care of his own physical being as opposed to leaving everything to health care professionals. Physical health involves a person's ability to take care of the minor illnesses as well as knowing the time in which there is already a need to seek the help of a health care professional such as physicians. The need to personally monitor one's own vital signs such as temperature, respiration, and others, contribute to ones attainment of an assured physical health ("Six Dimensions," para 1) In the past, self-care was limited to monitoring ones temperature alone. But as the demand for a healthy condition increases which tags along extremely high cost, several self-care kits and machines are available in the market. These materials had been able to help indiv iduals manage their health conditions personally at a lower cost with similar accuracy as those that were facilitated by the physicians. Moreover, these materials free individuals from worries concerning their condition whenever they feel something unusual. At the same time, self-help groups had sprung in order to help individuals change the aspect of health care. Considering these facts, personal physical health care had extremely developed from that of visiting health care clinics for check-ups and testing to that of being personally responsible through self-care and self-help tools and groups which may range from understanding the relationship that exist between the individual and the environment, nutrition and the body's functions. An individual's responsibility on physical wellness does not simply involve self-prescription of medicines as deemed necessary but basically knowing the appropriate preventive measures against certain diseases. In the long run, physical wellness may i mprove not only the individual's health condition but the ability to be fully responsible in ones health acquiring a particular discipline towards health that may be passed on the next generation. Man, being a social animal has a need to become socially healthy as well. An individual must achieve a harmonious relationship with the environment that

User Groups And Their Usage Perception Of Financial Statement Essay

User Groups And Their Usage Perception Of Financial Statement - Essay Example The above discussion is totally emphasized on the user groups of financial statements of Torotrak Plc and Surface Transformers Plc. The companies have been analyzed by considering the 3-year financial statement. Both internal and external user groups of the financial statement have been considered such as investors, lenders, suppliers, management, employees and the Government. This analysis shows the various perspectives in which each user analyze a financial statement. From investor’s point of view, it can be considered that company’s share prices are low and as a rational investor, buying shares of this company can prove to be profitable in the future. As the companies are in developing phase, the payables are quite high, but if seen on a year-on-year basis, it is also reducing. Hence, a supplier would not bother to stop their supply as they are getting paid. The analysis has illustrated the responsibility of management to evaluate and maintain efficiency and profitability of the firm by emphasizing on their efficiency to retain profit by maximizing the utilization of resources. Employees generally look into profit making of the company to understand their potential in terms of providing remuneration in an efficient and timely manner. Government focuses on taxes and as these companies are loss making, the tax levied on them are also low. Finally, it could be concluded that even if the companies are bearing losses, they are still tryi ng to control their costs, use their resources effectively and reduce the gap of their losses over year-on-year.

Statements of individual rights

Statements of individual rights Statements of individual rights Individual rights play an important role in every nation as they ensure that persons are not discriminated against in all aspect of their lives. It is important for individuals to have an adequate understanding of their rights as way of ensuring they are treated fairly and with honesty. Protection of individual rights requires formulation and adoption of statements or policies which cover all entities surrounding an individual. These statements are usually encompassed within the constitution of the nation hence as result of different nations having different constitutions the statements vary. Culture, religion and social factors may also affect statements of individual rights adopted by a nation thereby making critical analysis of such factors essential prior to adoption of individual rights statements. However, for the Tagg Island it is important to compare and contrast the existing statements of individual rights which govern different nations. This is mainly as result of some statements not being applicable to the Island since it comprises of a small population which is primarily involved in farming and fishing activities which are considered simple in comparison those taking place in large nations. There are several laws comprising statements of individuals rights which might be useful to the Island and these are inclusive of, but not limited to Code of Hammurabi ca 1760 B.C.E., Magna Carta 1215, English Bill of Rights 1689, U.S. Bill of Rights 1789 and the Declaration of Human Rights. U.S. Bill of rights focuses mainly on the relationship between the arms of government and the citizens of the nations. It encompasses statements which prohibit Congress from creating laws which affect adversely the right of individuals to join religious groups thus providing people with freedom of worship. Congress is forbidden from making laws which infringe the rights of the people in any way as individual rights are treated with much respect (Brant, 1965). U.S. Bill of rights protects the citizens from activities of the federal government which might lead to people being deprived of their lives, properties and liberty without any good reason. In accordance with its statements individuals who are suspected of any wrong doing should be taken to court thus provided with a chance to defend themselves-before a final judgment is laid upon them. The Bill empowers the court and through the constitution the court is assured of independence from the federal government thereby ensuring that decisions made by the court are fair as it eliminates favoritism and nepotism. Unlike U.S. Bill of rights which covers issues related to government and citizen relationship thus national level, the Code of Hammurabi ca 1760 covers a lower level in which the elders act as the head of the society. It entails guidelines which ensure that the rights of people are protected thus not discriminated by others who might be having more power and authority. It uses traditional methods in solving issues which arise in the society thereby bringing peace and harmony in the society. In accordance with this law if any person accuses another of any crime solving the matter involves using the river which serves as court (Johns, 2000). The accused is required to leap into the river and if he sinks the accuser takes possession of all his property while on the other hand if the reverse occurs the accused take possession of the property of the accuser while the accuser is put to death for wrong accusation. Apart from the river acting as the court, in some cases elders may perform th e same function in solving criminal issues affecting the community in which death is the punishment for capital offenses. In ensuring that individual rights are fully protected the statements emphasizes death as way of ensuring that individuals are not wrongfully accused of any crime. Magna Carta encompasses laws which govern monarchy systems of governance unlike the U.S. Bill of rights which covers federal government and congress functions with respect to the citizens. It required Kings and Queens to proclaim rights pertaining to individual freedom, respect legal procedures and in addition to that accept that their wills are bound by the law (Holt, 1992). Magna Carta protected the rights of all individuals irrespective of their status or rank and in addition to that allowed individuals to appeal against unlawful imprisonment. Unlike the Code of Hammurabi which does not cover a persons freedom of worship, Magna Carta ensures that individuals right of worship is respected and in addition, it guarantees the freedom of the church in conducting its activities within the designated boundaries (Holt, 1992). Similar to the US Bill of rights, Magna Carta ensures that right to due process is guaranteed to each person who is accused of taking part in criminal activities (Ho lt, 1992). An individual accused of any crime has to go through the judicial process which provides them with an opportunity to defend themselves against the criminal activity which they are accused of. Unlike the Code of Hammurabi which uses traditional methods of making decisions regarding the accused thus susceptible to mistakes being made regarding the case, Magna Carta entails use of the court system which is comprised of law professionals. In using professionals who understand the law comprehensively and have adequate experience reduces the chance of mistakes being made in the decision made regarding the crime at hand. In recognition of the need for freedom, peace and justice in the world, United Nations formulated several laws whose role was to eliminate oppression and discrimination in the world. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights set forth by the United Nations seeks to ensure that individual rights are respected by all entities. In accordance with this declaration all individuals are entitled to their rights and freedom irrespective of their race, gender, religion and social background (United Nation, 1948). Similar to the US Bill of rights and Magna Carta, it encompasses statements which emphasize freedom of individuals. Governments and other corporate organizations are required to be aware of individual rights thus ensure that their operations and activities do not infringe on the rights of individuals. Unlike the Code of Hammurabi, the human rights declaration is against use of torture and other cruel inhuman methods as way of inflicting punishment to individuals who have committed o r are suspected to have committed the offense (United Nation, 1948). Furthermore, the Declaration of Human Rights emphasizes that all individuals accused of crime have the right to defend themselves in court thus should be presumed innocent until proven guilty by court of law (United Nation, 1948). This statement is similar to that encompassed in the US Bill of rights as the courts are given the responsibility of deciding on the matter. The declaration also encompasses statements which ensure that individuals are not discriminated against at their place work as well as during the process of securing employment thereby ensuring provision of equal chances of employment (United Nation, 1948). Contrary to majority of laws, it entails statements which protect individuals from being deprived of their nationality or being denied their right to change their nationality. In accordance with the United Nations statements of individual rights every person is entitled to having a nationality thus belonging to a particularly nation (United Nation, 1948). In additio n to that people can work in any country under the united Nation insignia thus giving people with a wide variety of option when searching for a job. This statement is unique as it is only encompassed in the Declaration of Human rights and not in other laws which may include U.S. Bill of rights, Code of Hammurabi and Magna Carta. Unlike laws such as US Bill of rights which are restricted to national boundaries, the declaration is universal thus covering a wider region. Recommendations The following is a list of some of the individual rights which might be useful to the Island nation; 1. No one should be deprived of their property as every person has the right to own property. 2. All individuals are entitled to equal pay for same amount of work done. 3. No one shall be subjected to torture or any inhuman methods of punishment. 4. All individuals are entitled to a fair and public hearing conducted by the elders or any independent tribunal in determination of any criminal activity charge against him. 5. Everyone has the right to freedom of worship and of having a peaceful assembly. 6. Everyone is entitled to rest and leisure with reasonable working hours and holidays with pay. References Brant, I. (1965). The bill of rights: its origin and meaning. Retrieved September 5, 2009 from http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=od=34605556 Holt, J.C. (1992). Magna Carta. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Johns, C.W. (2000). The oldest code of laws in the world. City: Lawbook Exchange Ltd. United Nations, (1948). The universal declaration of human rights. Retrieved September 5, 2009 from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/#atop

Comparing the Women in Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young M

Characterization of Women in Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and Ulysses    Joyce's depiction of women is characterized by a high degree of literary self-consciousness, perhaps even more so than in the rest of his work. The self-consciousness emerges as an awareness of both genre and linguistic expectations. contrasting highly self-conscious, isolated literary men (or men with literary aspirations) with women who follow more romantic models, even stereotypes. In Dubliners, Joyce utilizes a clichà ©d story of doomed love ending in death-physical or spiritual-in "A Painful Case" and "The Dead." The former holds far more to these conventions and can be read as a precursor to the more sophisticated techniques in the latter, which draws the reader's attention to the clichà © only to redirect it. Nevertheless, it is Joyce's handiwork here, his subversion of genre, that takes the main stage, and the women in the stories do fade into the background. In A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, he again literalizes a stereotype, the Madonna/whore binary , showing women as nuns, long-suffering wives, or prostitutes. But this division also serves to highlight one of Stephen Dedalus's primary battles, between Ireland and exile, family and freedom, which results in a call to writing away from domestic responsibility. Ulysses, and especially "Penelope," seems to escape these because it is precisely against genre-there was no preexisting "in-bed monologue" genre-but it is the most conscious and critical of feminine linguistic construction. "Female" words (through letters to Bloom) are the constant aural background in Bloom's mind, but he fixates on them precisely because of their "bad writing" (4.414), a... ...him as Molly thinks about him in the present and, most importantly, well after Joyce wrote about him, in the eternal lines of "Penelope."    Works Cited and Consulted Bidwell, Bruce and Linda Heffer. The Joycean Way: A Topographic Guide to Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Johns Hopkins: Baltimore, 1981. Gifford, Don. Joyce Annotated: Notes for Dubliners and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. University of California: Berkeley, 1982. Joyce, James. Dubliners. Penguin Books: New York, 1975. Peake, C.H. James Joyce: The Citizen and the Artist. Stanford University: Stanford, 1977. Tindall, William York. A Reader's Guide to James Joyce. Noonday Press: New York, 1959. Walzl, Florence L. "Dubliners." A Companion Study to James Joyce. Ed. Zack Bowen and James F. Carens. Greenwood Press: London, 1984